What cognitive ability is primarily measured by DS in WISC-V?

The Digit Span (DS) subtest in the WISC-V primarily measures short-term auditory memory. This cognitive ability involves the capacity to hold and manipulate a small amount of information in memory over a short period, specifically auditory information. During the Digit Span task, children are asked to listen to a series of numbers and then repeat them back in the same order (forward), or in reverse order (backward). Successfully completing these tasks demonstrates the child's ability to retain and manipulate auditory information, which is crucial for various learning and cognitive functions.

Short-term auditory memory is foundational for tasks involving following directions, recalling sequences, and more complex problem-solving situations where auditory information must be processed and remembered temporarily. This makes it a vital aspect of overall cognitive functioning assessed in the WISC-V.